This paper reviewed the environmental behaviors of POPs (persistent organic pollutants) in water column, sediment and living organism in aquatic ecosystem. The main results were presented as below. 1) Meteorological factors and physicochemical properties could determine the transmission of POPs in the interface of air-water and water column-sediment, including wind speed, temperature, productivity, dissolved oxygen (DO), particle size and component of sediment. The degradation, sedimentation, resuspension, adsorption and desorption of POPs would also be affected. 2) The categories, molecular structures, molecular size and lipophicity were closely related with the passive diffusion and degradation of POPs. Under different condition, the dominant influence factors would change. 3) Larger growth and biotransformation rate would cause smaller bioaccumulation, while higher lipid content had the opposite effects. 4) Comparing to male individuals, the female ones always had stronger bioaccumulation of POPs. The body size had different effects on bioaccumulation among various species and POPs. The analysis also found that previous studies were always conducted separately and lack of comprehen-sive investigation of POPs behavior in environmental medium and individuals, and the dynamic changes at different temporal and spatial scales were still not clear. Food web is an improtant transfer path for POPs, and in the future, more efforts should be put to explore and understand the complex behaviors of POPs in aquatic food web, especially the benthic, coupled benthic-pelagic and microbial food web.